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2025
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- Pub. Date : 2025
- Page : pp.101891-101891
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2025
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- Pub. Date : 2025
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2025
- Book : ()
- Pub. Date : 2025
- Page : pp.1-1
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2025
Staphylococcus aureus is the primary causative agent of osteomyelitis. Plain radiography is the initial diagnostic tool for distinguishing osteomyelitis from other bone conditions, and assists in assessing disease progression. These benefits include low radiation exposure, improved availability, cost-effectiveness, and ease of use. This was an in vivo study involving mice. The subjects were divided into the treatment and control groups and observed on days 3, 7, 14, and 28th of the experiment. The treatment group underwent mandibular drilling and Staphylococcus aureus induction. The control group underwent mandibular drilling only. Radiographic findings of mandibular bone defects include periosteal reactions, diaphyseal widening, osteolysis, bone deformation, and sequestral formation. The statistical tests consisted of the Mann-Whitney and Friedman tests. There were significant differences in bone destruction levels in occlusal dementia between the treatment and control groups, which were found on the 3rd day of observation. The treatment group exhibited greater bone destruction (5.67 ± 3.62) compared to the control group (2.00 ± 2.49), with a z-value of -2.214 and a statistically significant p-value of 0.027. 14th showed higher bone destruction levels (5.83 ± 2.64) than the control group (4.33 ± 3.61), with a z-value of -2.660 and a highly significant p-value of 0.008. On the 28th day the trend persisted, as the treatment group displayed more bone destruction (5.50 ± 3.27) compared to the control group (3.33 ± 3.44), with a z-value of -2.034 and a significant p-value of 0.042. No significant differences in the lateral dimensions were found between the treatment and control groups. In each group, significant differences were found only in the treatment group; in the occlusal dimension, sequestrum formation (p = 0.006) was found, and in the lateral dimension, diaphyseal widening (p = 0.022), osteolysis (p = 0.017), and sequestrum formation criteria (p = 0.015) were observed. The z-value measures the magnitude and direction of the difference, whereas the p-value assists in determining if this difference is statistically significant. Subjects induced with Staphylococcus aureus showed severe bone destruction compared to those without Staphylococcus aureus induction.- Book : ()
- Pub. Date : 2025
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2025
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- Pub. Date : 2025
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2025
This review explores the benefits of irradiation in improving the quality and safety of different meat types. The process involves exposing meat in a shielded room using one source of radiation that can be gamma radiation, electron beam or X-radiation for a specified period of time. Through the use of this technology, parasites, viruses, insects and bacteria can be effectively reduced, which in turn increases the lifespan and quality of meat products. According to products to be irradiated and the bacteria to be eradicated, the radiation dose could be high, low or medium. Irradiating meat at an appropriate dose does not affect its sensory qualities such as taste, texture and color. The impact of irradiation on nutritional and chemical aspects of different types of meat is complex, since free radicals can cause lipid oxidation and alter vitamins, fatty acids, and amino acids. Furthermore, irradiation can also affect physical properties of meat, such as texture and tenderness. This review also summarizes the available information on the impact of irradiation on the extension of meat shelf life.- Book : 9(4)
- Pub. Date : 2025
- Page : pp.314-322
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2025
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- Pub. Date : 2025
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2025
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2025
Abstract
Downward surface solar radiation (DSSR) is critical for the Earth system. It is well-known that DSSR over land fluctuated on decadal timescales in the past. By utilizing a combination of station observations and the latest CMIP6 simulations, here we show that DSSR has a global consistent decline during 1959–2014, with comparable contributions from greenhouse gases (GHG) and anthropogenic aerosols. The role of GHGs is even more important in the satellite period. The contribution from GHGs comes through rising temperature, which reduces the DSSR by increased water vapor but is partly offset by reduced cloud. Future changes of DSSR are heavily dependent on climate change scenarios, which can be predicted well by global mean temperature (GMST) and aerosol concentrations. The sharp aerosol reduction and weak temperature rise in the SSP245/SSP126 scenarios will limit or stop the long-term decline of DSSR with a brighter future.- Book : ()
- Pub. Date : 2025
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2025
Old city courtyards are crucial elements of Beijing’s ancient capital. However, existing ones face heating problems. This study focuses on renovated and original-style courtyards. By employing ENVI-met and DeST software, we comprehensively analyzed the courtyard’s thermal environment, ventilation, indoor conditions, and energy consumption. Findings reveal that both types have thermal discomfort. Original courtyards are colder in winter and hotter in summer due to wind and radiation. They possess better ventilation but a higher winter heating load. Both require winter heating, with the original ones having a larger unit area load because of envelope heat loss and ventilation differences. Their direct electric heating consumptions, 187.6 kWh/m2 and 229.6 kWh/m2, respectively, surpass ordinary residences. This study defines issues for future green and low-carbon courtyard work.- Book : 18(3)
- Pub. Date : 2025
- Page : pp.626-626
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