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2025
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2025
Objectives: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents the third-most prevalent cancer in humans worldwide. The current study’s objective is to search for the potentiality of Washingtonia robusta H. Wendl ( W. robusta) leaf extract in a nanoemulsion (NE) form in enhancing radiotherapy against HCC induced in rats using diethylnitrosamine (DEN). Material and methods: The metabolic composition of the bioactive extract of W. robusta leaves was investigated by LC-MS. Oral epithelial (OEC) and liver carcinoma (HepG2) cell lines were used to examine the safety and anticancer activity of the NE, respectively. In the in vivo study, HCC was induced in male albino rats through administration of DEN in drinking water for 8 weeks, then treatment with NE (100 mg/kg) until the experiment’s ending. Rats were irradiated by a fractionated dose of 2Gy*4. Results: NE exerted remarkable cytotoxicity in comparison to the parent extract and the standard doxorubicin on the HepG2 cell line. Besides, the NE administration and/or γ-irradiation (IRR) significantly reduced the elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total proteins, and albumin levels in HCC-induced rats. Likewise, the tumor markers alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels were considerably reduced in HCC rats. In addition, NE treatment before IRR significantly decreased the expression of the poly ADP ribose polymerase-1 (PARP1) enzyme and Ki67. Furthermore, the histological investigations strongly confirmed the combined effect of NE and IRR in fighting DEN-induced HCC. Conclusion: NE of W. robusta extract may possess a radiosensitizing novel impact and provide a new strategy to combat HCC in clinical practices. - Book : 24()
- Pub. Date : 2025
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2025
- Book : 38()
- Pub. Date : 2025
- Page : pp.102142-102142
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2025
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2025
Within the framework of nonrelativistic QCD (NRQCD) effective field theory, we study the leptoproduction of J/ψ at next-to-leading order in perturbative QCD for both unpolarized and polarized electron-ion collisions. We demonstrate that the J/ψ-tagged deep inelastic scattering in the future Electron-Ion Collider can be served as a golden channel for reasons including constraining NRQCD long-distance matrix elements, probing the nuclear gluon distribution functions, as well as investigating the gluon helicity distribution inside a longitudinal polarized proton.
Published by the American Physical Society
2025
- Book : 111(1)
- Pub. Date : 2025
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2025
Background/Objectives: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, characterized by aggressive and heterogeneous tumors originating from B-cells. Especially in patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) disease, DLBCL remains a challenging cancer to treat. Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of malignant cells. Our research focuses on developing strategies to enhance clinical outcomes for R/R DLBCL patients by targeting metabolic vulnerabilities. Methods: We investigated the effects of combining metformin and L-asparaginase, two FDA-approved antimetabolic drugs, on DLBCL cell metabolism and survival. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was employed to assess metabolic disturbances induced by the drug combination. The impact on lipid metabolism, glycolysis, glutaminolysis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and antioxidant responses was examined. Induction of apoptosis was evaluated by FACS analysis. Results: The combination of metformin and L-asparaginase strongly sensitized DLBCL cells to apoptosis, independently of their oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) or BCR/glycolytic status. NMR spectroscopy revealed that this combination induces broader metabolic disturbances than either drug alone. It disrupts lipid metabolism by altering levels of phospholipids, cholesterol, and fatty acids. Additionally, it counteracts the pro-glycolytic effect of metformin, decreases glycolysis, and reduces glutaminolysis. It also affects the TCA cycle and antioxidant responses, critical for cellular energy production and redox balance. Furthermore, this combination interferes with two key cancer survival pathways, mTORC1 and MAPK signaling. Importantly, proof of principle for its beneficial effect was demonstrated in DLBCL patients. Conclusions: Combining metformin and L-asparaginase affects DLBCL cell survival by targeting multiple metabolic pathways and may represent a novel therapeutic approach for R/R DLBCL patients.- Book : 17(3)
- Pub. Date : 2025
- Page : pp.394-394
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2025
The standardization of rural domestic wastewater (RDW) management is crucial for mitigating its negative environmental impacts. China has seen a significant increase in RDW emissions over the past decade, paralleled by the development of RDW management standards. This study reviews the development process of China’s RDW management standard system, analyzes RDW management practices in terms of standards in the United States, Japan, the European Union, and New Zealand. Considering the current situation and characteristics of China’s RDW treatment industry, this paper proposes a novel 6S principle that includes Specificity (adjusting standards to local conditions), Scientificity (ensuring the feasibility of standard indicators and thresholds), Suitability (developing technical guidelines suitable for different regions), Supervision (implementing monitoring, management, maintenance, and evaluation of RDW treatment facilities), Servitization (promoting reclaimed water reuse and nutrient recovery), and Systemization (establishing a complete RDW standard system). This principle covers the entire life cycle of RDW treatment system and offers targeted suggestions to address the strengths and weakness of the RDW management standard system. China can update and form a comprehensive RDW standard system and then improve the RDW management according to the 6S principle. The present paper has the potential to guide the establishment and improvement of RDW standard system in China and other developing countries.- Book : 17(3)
- Pub. Date : 2025
- Page : pp.313-313
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2025
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2025
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2025
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