• Book : 56(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.101764
• Keyword :

• Book : 42(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page :
• Keyword :

Abstract

The increasing demand for ultraviolet (UV) imaging in extreme conditions, such as high temperatures and strong radiation, has spurred advancements in UV photodetector arrays. Traditional metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) 4 H-SiC UV photodetector array, with their planar structure and M × N electrode connections, face challenges in circuit design. Our research utilizes a vertical design for building the photodetector array, reducing the connections to just M + N, thereby simplifying the circuit design and signal processing. Utilizing semi-insulating 4 H-SiC wafer and TiN electrodes, we developed an 8 × 8 vertical MSM photodetector array. Tested under a 365 nm light source at 10.5 mW cm⁻² and a 5 V bias, the array demonstrated low dark currents, high contrasts under illumination, and a 100% operational yield. With average photo current and dark currents of 1.56 × 10⁻⁸ A and 2.94 × 10⁻¹³ A, respectively, the average photo-to-dark current ratio exceeded 5 × 10⁴. Our design effectively minimized sneak path currents and achieved a low crosstalk rate of 0.46%, enabling the capture of clear, high-contrast images. This marks a significant advancement in the application of MSM 4 H-SiC UV photodetectors for imaging in extreme conditions.

• Book : 58(2)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.025108
• Keyword :

Abstract

We report a case of a man who was diagnosed with superficial hypopharyngeal cancer and recurrence of renal cell carcinoma in the duodenum, liver, and gluteus medius muscle simultaneously. He underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection for hypopharyngeal cancer in parallel with systemic immunotherapy for recurrent renal cell carcinoma, resulting in completely overcoming both malignancies. Endoscopic submucosal dissection is less invasive and can be performed in a shorter duration for treating superficial hypopharyngeal cancer compared with other treatment options, such as radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and surgery. Additionally, endoscopic submucosal carcinoma is adequately effective in controlling local lesions and has a satisfactorily good prognosis.

• Book : 5(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.e70009
• Keyword :

Abstract

Background

In this study, hard candies were produced by using sucrose, glucose syrup and water. They were cooked at different temperatures, changing from 135 to 145 °C with an interval of 2.5 °C. They were stored at different storage temperatures, which were 25, 4, −18 and −80 °C. Hard candies placed at room temperature were stored for 2 months. In order to understand the crystallization characteristics of the hard candies, time domain (TD) proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H‐NMR) parameters of longitudinal relaxation time (T1) and second moment (M2) measurements were conducted. Moisture contents of the hard candies were determined by Karl-Fischer titration. X‐ray diffraction experiments were also conducted as the complementary analysis.

Results

Increasing cooking temperature increased the crystallinity and decreased the moisture content of the hard candies significantly (P ≤0.05). Furthermore, storage temperature and storage time had significant effects on the crystallinity of the hard candies (P ≤0.05). The results of T1 and M2 correlated with each other (r > 0.8, P ≤ 0.5) and both produced the highest value at the cooking temperature of 145 °C and storage temperature of 4 °C (P ≤ 0.05). The values of T1 and M2 were obtained as 245.9 ms and 13.0 × 10⁻⁸ Hz², respectively, for the cooking temperature of 145 °C and storage temperature of 4 °C.

Conclusion

This study demonstrated that the crystallinity of hard candies can be observed and examined by TD‐NMR relaxometry, as an alternative to commonly used methods. © 2024 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

• Book : 105(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.489-497
• Keyword :

• Book : 288(2)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.110683
• Keyword :

• Book : 680(pa)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.202-214
• Keyword :

• Book : 603()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.155382
• Keyword :

• Book : 463(p4)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.141447
• Keyword :

• Book : 226()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.112297
• Keyword :