• Book : 1076()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.170513-170513
• Keyword :

This study constructed a predictive model for occurrence of radiation esophagitis during breast-cancer radiotherapy. 308 breast-cancer patients were analyzed. Lasso regression identified crucial variables that were further integrated into a radiation esophagitis risk score, which was used to segregate patients into high- and low-risk groups. A nomogram model was designed for clinical applicability. Training and validations were performed to assess robustness and generalizability of proposed models, employing C-index, AUCs, calibration curves, and decision curves. SHAP algorithm was used for model interpretation, offering insights into the major contributory factors. Seven significant variables were identified by Lasso regression. C-indexes of nomograms of individual clinical variables and risk score were 0.795 and 0.784, respectively, exhibiting strong predictive ability. In internal validation, AUCs for risk score, nomogram, and logistic models were 0.784, 0.795, and 0.812, respectively. Calibration curves showed a close fit between predicted and observed outcomes across models. Decision curve analysis indicated logistic model’s superior clinical utility when the risk threshold was above 0.2. SHAP interpretation emphasized radiation dose, pruritus, molecular type, and hepatic dysfunction as top contributory factors for radiation esophagitis. Models based on interpretable machine learning offer an intuitive tool to assess risk of radiation esophagitis in breast-cancer radiotherapy.

• Book : 23(2)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page :
• Keyword :

일본 사회에서 북한에 대한 인식은 핵･미사일 개발, 일본인 납치 문제 등 외교･안보 이슈에 크게 영향을 받으며, 대체로 부정적이다. 이러한 인식은 재일조선인총연합회(조총련)와 재일조선인에 대한 사회적 불신과 차별로 이어져, 제도적･사회적 차별을 심화시키는 결과를 초래했다. 영화 󰡔가족의 나라󰡕(かぞくのくに, Our Homeland, 2012)는 일본 사회의 북한 인식을 배경으로 조선적 재일조선인의 현실을 묘사했다. 영화는 북한귀국사업이 종결된 역사가 아닌, 오늘날까지도 조선적 재일조선인의 현실을 좌우하는 주요한 사건으로 조명하며, 북한과 재일조선인 귀국자, 그리고 그 가족의 관계를 탐색했다. 그 과정에서 귀국자 성호의 경험은 리에의 시선을 통해 규정되면서 그의 주체적 목소리가 충분히 반영되지 않은 한계를 보였다. 성호는 억압적인 북한 체제의 피해자라는 일반화 속에서 그의 현실을 초래한 가해 측에 대한 비난과 비판, 대립과 갈등을 강화하는 기제로 작용했다. 그러나 영화는 리에의 시선을 변화시키는 서사적 장치를 마련하고 카메라의 시선을 통해 성호와 리에, 양 동무와 조총련 관계자들, 리에의 부모를 각각 조명해서 개인들의 복합적인 처지와 내적 갈등을 조명하려 노력했다. 결과적으로 영화 󰡔가족의 나라󰡕는 북한 주민, 북한 귀국자, 조선적 재일조선인의 가해와 피해에 기반한 갈등과 대립을 심화하기보다는 인물들 각각의 경험을 조명함으로써 입체적인 논의를 위한 장을 마련했다.

• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.91-113
• Keyword :

• Book : 29(4)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page :
• Keyword :

• Book : ()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page :
• Keyword :

• Book : 63(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.1-10
• Keyword :

In animals, mitosis involves the breakdown of the nucleus. The reassembly of a nucleus after mitosis requires the reformation of the nuclear envelope around a single mass of chromosomes. This process requires Ankle2 (also known as LEM4 in humans) which interacts with PP2A and promotes the function of the Barrier-to-Autointegration Factor (BAF). Upon dephosphorylation, BAF dimers cross-bridge chromosomes and bind lamins and transmembrane proteins of the reassembling nuclear envelope. How Ankle2 functions in mitosis is incompletely understood. Using a combination of approaches in Drosophila, along with structural modeling, we provide several lines of evidence that suggest that Ankle2 is a regulatory subunit of PP2A, explaining how it promotes BAF dephosphorylation. In addition, we discovered that Ankle2 interacts with the endoplasmic reticulum protein Vap33, which is required for Ankle2 localization at the reassembling nuclear envelope during telophase. We identified the interaction sites of PP2A and Vap33 on Ankle2. Through genetic rescue experiments, we show that the Ankle2/PP2A interaction is essential for the function of Ankle2 in nuclear reassembly and that the Ankle2/Vap33 interaction also promotes this process. Our study sheds light on the molecular mechanisms of post-mitotic nuclear reassembly and suggests that the endoplasmic reticulum is not merely a source of membranes in the process, but also provides localized enzymatic activity.

• Book : 13()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page :
• Keyword :

Neutron-induced reaction cross sections of short-lived nuclei are imperative to understand the origin of heavy elements in stellar nucleosynthesis and for societal applications, but their measurement is extremely complicated due to the radioactivity of the targets involved. One way of overcoming this issue is to combine surrogate reactions with the unique possibilities offered by heavy-ion storage rings. In this work, we describe the first surrogate-reaction experiment in inverse kinematics, which we successfully conducted at the Experimental Storage Ring (ESR) of the GSI/FAIR facility, using the Pb208(p,p′) reaction as a surrogate for neutron capture on Pb207. Thanks to the outstanding detection efficiencies possible at the ESR, we were able to measure for the first time the neutron-emission probability as a function of the excitation energy of Pb208. We have used this probability to select different descriptions of the γ-ray strength function and nuclear level density, and provide reliable results for the neutron-induced radiative capture cross section of Pb207 at energies for which no experimental data exist. Published by the American Physical Society 2025

• Book : 134(7)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page :
• Keyword :

Abstract Progress in physics understanding and theoretical model development of plasma transport and confinement (TC) in the ITPA TC Topical Group since the publication of the ITER Physics Basis (IPB) document (Doyle et al 2007 Nucl. Fusion 47 S18) was summarized focusing on the contributions to ITER and burning plasma prediction and control. This paper provides a general and streamlined overview on the advances that were mainly led by the ITPA TC joint experiments and joint activities for the last 15 years (see JEX/JA table in appendix). This paper starts with the scientific strategy and scope of the ITPA TC Topical group and overall picture of the major progress, followed by the progress of each research field: particle transport, impurity transport, ion and electron thermal turbulent transport, momentum transport, impact of 3D magnetic fields on transport, confinement mode transitions, global confinement, and reduced transport modeling. Cross references with other Topical Groups are given in order to highlight overlapped topics, such as the 3D effect on the plasma transport in the edge and L-H transition physics. The increasing overlap between the topical groups is a reflection of the progress on integrating the known physics into comprehensive models that are better and better able to reproduce the plasma transport. In recent years, such integration has become increasingly prevalent when considering transport from the SOL, through the edge pedestal, and into the plasma core. In the near future, increased collaboration also with the magneto-hydrodynamic and energetic particles community will be important as we approach burning plasma conditions in next-step fusion devices. A summary of remaining challenges and next steps for each research field is given in the Summary section.

• Book : 65(3)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.033001-033001
• Keyword :

AbstractUltraviolet (UV) photoacoustic microscopy has attracted lots of attention since it can provide histological images for disease diagnosis without any tissue processing or staining, holding great potential for rapid histopathology in hospitals. However, sometimes, the nuclear contrast in the images is relatively low due to the high UV absorption of various surrounding biomolecules (e.g., heme, myoglobin, lipids, etc.), resulting in low diagnostic accuracy. Here, a label‐free dual‐modality imaging system with ultraviolet photoacoustic and auto‐fluorescence (PAAF) microscopy is proposed, which can obtain photon absorption‐induced PA and AF images simultaneously using only one UV pulsed laser. With the opposite contrast acquired in the PA and AF images and the image fusion technique, this proposed PAAF microscopy enables high‐contrast and high‐sensitivity histological imaging for various tissues, even under a low excitation energy of 0.7 nJ and a high pulse‐to‐pulse energy fluctuation of ≈30%. Mouse brain, kidney, liver, lung, and human lung tissues processed by different clinical protocols have been imaged to demonstrate the versatility of PAAF microscopy, showing its promising applications in surgical pathology.

• Book : ()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page :
• Keyword :