• Book : 1053()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.122965
• Keyword :

• Book : 181(3)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.111866
• Keyword :

• Book : 184(p1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.108606
• Keyword :

• Book : 196()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.112343
• Keyword :

Abstract

Tissue‐mimicking reference phantoms are indispensable for the development and optimization of magnetic resonance (MR) measurement sequences. Phantoms have greatest utility when they mimic the MR signals arising from tissue physiology; however, many of the properties underlying these signals, including tissue relaxation characteristics, can vary as a function of magnetic field strength. There has been renewed interest in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at field strengths less than 1 T, and phantoms developed for higher field strengths may not be physiologically relevant at these lower fields. This work focuses on developing materials with specific relaxation properties for lower magnetic field strengths. Specifically, we developed recipes that can be used to create synthetic samples for target nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation values for fields between 0.0065 and 0.55 T. and mixing models for agarose‐based gels doped with a paramagnetic salt (one of CuSO4, GdCl3, MnCl2, or NiCl2) were created using relaxation measurements of synthetic gel samples at 0.0065, 0.064, and 0.55 T. Measurements were evaluated for variability with respect to measurement repeatability and changing synthesis protocol or laboratory temperature. The mixing models were used to identify formulations of agarose and salt composition to approximately mimic the relaxation times of five neurological tissues (blood, cerebrospinal fluid, fat, gray matter, and white matter) at 0.0065, 0.0475, 0.05, 0.064, and 0.55 T. These mimic sample formulations were measured at each field strength. Of these samples, the GdCl3 and NiCl2 measurements were closest to the target tissue relaxation times. The GdCl3 or NiCl2 mixing model recipes are recommended for creating target relaxation samples below 0.55 T. This work can help development of MRI methods and applications for low‐field systems and applications.

• Book : 38(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.e5281
• Keyword :

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Gout poses a significant health threat. The use of Lactobacillus from the gut microbiota is one potential remedy. However, the intricate molecular mechanisms governing the impact of Lactobacillus on gout remain largely uncharted. In this study, a strain of Limosilactobacillus reuteri RE225 was separated from the gut of mice and colitis was treated with polypeptide intervention.

RESULTS

Limosilactobacillus reuteri RE225 reduced foot tumefaction markedly in mice with gout and extended the pain threshold time in their feet. It also improved the health of gut microbiota. Intervention with L. reuteri RE225 also suppressed the TLR4/MyD88/NF‐κB and nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) pathways in the mice, reduced the levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines - interleukin 1β (IL‐1β), interleukin 6 (IL‐6), and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) - and increased the level of the anti‐inflammatory cytokine interleukin 10 (IL‐10), thereby mitigating inflammation.

CONCLUSION

This study provides a theoretical basis for the comprehensive development of Limosilactobacillus reuteri and new ideas for the non‐pharmacological treatment of gout. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

• Book : 105(2)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.1185-1193
• Keyword :

Abstract

This research examines the appearance of a two‐dimensional steady flow movement of a viscous, incompressible fluid undergoing chemical reactions along an infinitely long vertical porous plate. The flow is influenced by a transverse magnetic field, with the plate experiencing a uniform suction velocity. The research novelty lies in inspecting the impacts of ohmic dissipation and diffusion‐thermo effects while maintaining constant heat and mass flux and considering heat and mass transfer in the presence of thermal radiation. Using perturbation techniques, the foremost calculations are solved, and the results are presented both graphically and in tables. The analysis shows that higher values of the diffusion‐thermo parameter upsurge fluid velocity and temperature, whereas the presence of the transverse magnetic field decreases fluid velocity and temperature.

• Book : 54(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.883-903
• Keyword :

Abstract

Convection, that is, mixed magnetohydrodynamics stream of Williamson nanofluid in excess of a nonlinearly stretchable permeable sheet, has been studied using a mathematical model that includes thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, heat source/sink, chemical reaction, and suction are all examples of thermal radiation are all examples of how heat is dissipated. By availing the controlling similarity transformations, suitable similarity transformations partial differential equations are reduced into the solution of a set of ordinary differential equations that are nonlinear using the homotopy analysis method. There is also a clear approach to get series solutions to converge. There was a strong correlation between the current and past outcomes. Graphs and tables are used to illustrate the nature of the flow field beneath various conditions.

• Book : 54(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.351-374
• Keyword :

Abstract

Background

Pan‐immune inflammation value (PIV) is a newly defined biomarker that includes whole cellular components that are indicators of systemic inflammation in complete blood count (CBC), easily accessible and has the potential to reflect both the body's immune response and systemic inflammation status. This study evaluated the pretreatment PIV for its prognostic impact on overall survival (OS) in patients with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) treated with Lutetium‐177 (¹⁷⁷Lu)‐PSMA‐617.

Methods

The PIV was based on the earliest CBC obtained within 1 month before treatment initiation. Patients were categorized into low and high PIV groups based on the median pretreatment PIV, and the relationship between OS and PIV groups was assessed by multivariable analysis.

Results

A total of 43 patients with mCRPC treated with (¹⁷⁷Lu)‐PSMA‐617 were included. The median OS was longer in the low PIV group (15.1 months [95% confidence interval [CI] 10.6-19.5]) than in the high PIV group (4.2 months [95% CI 1.7-6.6]) (p < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, high PIV (hazard ratio [HR]: 4.3, 95% CI 1.194-15.93, p = 0.026) and high Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance score (HR: 7.05, 95% CI 1.48-33.46, p = 0.014) were associated with shorter OS.

Conclusion

This study showed that pretreatment PIV might be a prognostic factor in patients with mCRPC treated with (¹⁷⁷Lu)‐PSMA‐617.

• Book : 85(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.90-96
• Keyword :

ABSTRACT

Although WRKY transcription factors play crucial roles in plant responses to high‐temperature stress, little is known about Group IIb WRKY family members. Here, we identified the WRKY‐IIb protein PlWRKY47 from herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.), which functioned as a nuclear‐localized transcriptional activator. The expression level of PlWRKY47 was positively correlated with high‐temperature tolerance. Silencing of PlWRKY47 in P. lactiflora resulted in the decreased tolerance to high‐temperature stress by accumulating reactive oxygen species (ROS). Overexpression of PlWRKY47 improved plant high‐temperature tolerance through decreasing ROS accumulation. Moreover, PlWRKY47 directly bound to the promoter of cytosolic glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase 2 (PlGAPC2) gene and activated its transcription. PlGAPC2 was also positively regulated high‐temperature tolerance in P. lactiflora by increasing NAD⁺ content to inhibit ROS generation. Additionally, PlWRKY47 physically interacted with itself to form a homodimer, and PlWRKY47 could also interact with one Group IIb WRKY family member PlWRKY72 to form a heterodimer, they all promoted PlWRKY47 to bind to and activate PlGAPC2. These data support that the PlWRKY47‐PlWRKY47 homodimer and PlWRKY72‐PlWRKY47 heterodimer can directly activate PlGAPC2 expression to improve high‐temperature tolerance by inhibiting ROS generation in P. lactiflora. These results will provide important insights into the plant high‐temperature stress response by WRKY‐IIb transcription factors.

Summary statement

Herbaceous peony PlWRKY47‐PlWRKY47 homodimer and PlWRKY72‐PlWRKY47 heterodimer can directly activate the expression of cytosolic glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase 2 gene to improve high‐temperature tolerance by increasing NAD⁺ content to inhibit ROS generation.

• Book : 48(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.226-243
• Keyword :