• Book : ()
• Pub. Date : 2025
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Resumo A Medicina Nuclear desempenha um importante papel no manejo de pacientes com doenças crônicas, especialmente oncológicas e cardiovasculares. Neste estudo, foi realizada uma análise da evolução da área no Brasil, no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde. Para tanto, foram realizadas análises restrospectivas entre 2015 e 2021 de dados públicos. Embora o Brasil possua uma quantidade considerável de instalações, sua distribuição geográfica é desigual. A mesma disparidade é observada em relação às unidades produtoras e distribuidoras de radiofármacos, limitando o acesso da população brasileira, particularmente àqueles com meia-vida inferior a duas horas. Percebe-se a alta dependência tecnológica de empresas estrangeiras, com pouca ou nenhuma produção nacional, o que contribui para o déficit na balança comercial. Apesar das possíveis demandas crescentes sobre a área devido a fatores como o envelhecimento da população e mudanças epidemiológicas a área não se expandiu. É crucial implementar políticas sociais e econômicas voltadas à área para reduzir as vulnerabilidades do sistema de saúde, assegurar sua sustentabilidade e promover um acesso igualitário e universal aos serviços de Medicina Nuclear.

• Book : 30(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
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Abstract The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) combined with periorbital triamcinolone acetonide injection in treating thyroid eye disease (TED) patients with active extraocular muscle but low CAS. The retrospective observational study was conducted. A total of 156 eligible patients were selected from the TED patient database of the Ophthalmology Department of West China Hospital of Sichuan University. The patient’s relevant medical history was recorded, including gender, age of initial onset, onset eye, the interval between onset and the first visit to our hospital, extraocular muscle condition, smoking status, CAS, NOSPECS, thyroid function, symptoms and signs, and the condition of the affected extraocular muscle. We found that IMRT combined with periorbital triamcinolone acetonide injection has a good therapeutic effect on TED patients with low CAS but significant active extraocular muscles, and there is a significant improvement at 3 months after treatment. Thyroid function and CAS can affect the curative effect of IMRT. Patients with hyperthyroidism had worse effect than those with normal thyroid function. The higher the CAS, the better the effect.

• Book : 15(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
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Abstract Objective To investigate the prognostic value of baseline European Association of Nuclear Medicine Research Ltd. (EARL) standardized [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography ([18F]FDG PET-CT) quantitative values for survival and to evaluate cutoff values identified in other studies. Materials and methods Pediatric and adolescent patients with high-grade osteosarcoma were included. Baseline [18F]FDG PET-CT, with EARL-accredited reconstructions, was the standard diagnostic staging procedure. Cox proportional hazard analysis for event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) was performed with clinical prognostic factors. Kaplan–Meier analysis and log-rank tests were applied to investigate the prognostic performance of the [18F]FDG PET indices. Results In total, 66 patients were included in this study. In the univariable Cox regression analysis, peak lean-body mass corrected SUV (SULpeak) (hazard ratio (HR): 1.04), total lesion glycolysis (TLG) (HR: 1.0), and metabolic tumor volume (MTV) (HR: 1.0) were not associated with EFS or OS. Log-rank analysis showed a significant difference in EFS for all SULmax and SULpeak cutoffs. For MTVtotal the maximum Youden, and for TLGtotal, the maximum Youden and maximally selected rank cutoff resulted in a significant EFS difference. No cutoff for any measure showed a significant difference in OS between the groups. ROC curves for event status had an AUC of 0.67, 0.66, 0.64, and 0.64 for SULmax, SULpeak, MTVtotal, and TLGtotal, respectively. Conclusion In this study, the baseline EARL-standardized [18F]FDG PET indices of children and adolescents with osteosarcoma were not prognostic of EFS or OS. The proposed prognostic cutoffs from earlier studies suffer from important technical and statistical issues. Key Points Question Prognostic value of baseline [ 18 F]FDG PET-CT imaging markers have been reported for histologic response and survival in high-grade osteosarcoma but have not been validated for clinical practice. Findings Baseline SUV peak , TLG total , and MTV total measured on EARL-accredited reconstructions were not prognostic factors for survival in pediatric and adolescent patients with high-grade osteosarcoma. Clinical relevance A wide range of values for SUV peak and SUV max cutoffs with similar prognostic value were identified, questioning the value of a single proposed cutoff. Lack of validation, with important technical and statistical issues of proposed prognostic cutoffs, limits clinical implementation.

• Book : ()
• Pub. Date : 2025
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A Bayesian framework is introduced to constrain the density dependence of the Equation of State (EoS) for nuclear matter. The EoS is inferred using existing measurements of elliptic flow and the mean transverse kinetic energy of protons in the beam energy range of √sNN = 2−10 GeV. Tight constraints are obtained for densities up to 4 times the nuclear saturation density. However, the results are highly sensitive to the choice of observables, highlighting the need for consistent, high-precision measurements in this energy range.

• Book : 316()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.06001-06001
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Indonesia has the potential to develop floating wind turbines at sea. Therefore, its movement response needs to be analyzed to ensure that the turbine works properly. This research aims to determine the floating offshore wind turbine barge’s movement response with different floater shapes to regular waves from three different directions (0°, 45°, 90°). The movement response of the floating wind turbine was analyzed using the diffraction and radiation analysis methods in Ansys Aqwa. The research results include the RAO curve for the structure in a couple of two degrees of freedom (heave-pitch) combined with 2-dimensional analyses. The motion response of the floater cube has a maximum value heave motion 0.999 m/m and pitch motion 2.228 °/m, and, the cylindrical shape has a heave motion 1.132 m/m and pitch 10.050 °/m. Lastly, the octagonal has a heave motion 1.010 m/m and pitch 2.565 °/m. The shape and volume of each model affect the response value obtained. The simulation results in this paper can provide considerations in selecting the right floater shape to be used as a wind turbine floater foundation.

• Book : 601()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.00084-00084
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• Book : ()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.100153-100153
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Our study aimed to assess air quality within buildings constructed with coal ash concrete, with a specific focus on radon measurement. Coal ash, a by-product of the TAQA Morocco thermal power plant. In this investigation, two concrete mixtures were prepared. It is possible that concrete produced from coal ash may contain elevated levels of radon, a naturally occurring radioactive gas that could prove detrimental to human health, given that coal ash contains considerable quantities of radioactive elements. To this regard, two nuclear techniques were employed for analysis: high-resolution gamma spectrometry and alpha dosimetry based on the use of LR115 on the two concrete mixes. The equivalent radium activity (Raeq), internal (Hin) and external (Hex) risk indices, absorbed dose rate (Ḋ), annual effective dose (Ė) and excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) were also calculated. The surface (ES) and mass (EM) radon exhalation rates were calculated for the analysed samples in order to assess the radiological risks resulting from the use of coal ash concrete.The results has revealed no evidence of any health risks to the general public, and therefore coal ash concrete can be used in construction projects.

• Book : 601()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.00025-00025
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Abstract The circadian clock is an internal timekeeper system that regulates biological processes through a central circadian clock and peripheral clocks controlling various genes. Basic helix–loop–helix ARNT-like 1 (BMAL1), also known as aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like protein 1 (ARNTL1), is a key component of the circadian clock. The deletion of BMAL1 alone can abolish the circadian rhythms of the human body. BMAL1 plays a critical role in immune cell function. Dysregulation of BMAL1 is linked to immune-related diseases such as autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases, and cancer, and vice versa. This review highlights the significant role of BMAL1 in governing immune cells, including their development, differentiation, migration, homing, metabolism, and effector functions. This study also explores how dysregulation of BMAL1 can have far-reaching implications and potentially contribute to the onset of immune-related diseases such as autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases, cancer, sepsis, and trauma. Furthermore, this review discusses treatments for immune-related diseases that target BMAL1 disorders. Understanding the impact of BMAL1 on immune function can provide insights into the pathogenesis of immune-related diseases and help in the development of more effective treatment strategies. Targeting BMAL1 has been demonstrated to achieve good efficacy in immune-related diseases, indicating its promising potential as a targetable therapeutic target in these diseases.

• Book : 13()
• Pub. Date : 2025
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• Book : ()
• Pub. Date : 2025
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