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• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.1-7
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• Book : 52()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.100928-100928
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• Pub. Date : 2025
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Abstract Objectives The International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR) juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) classification was revisited by the Pediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organization (PRINTO) in 2018. Classifications should establish uniform groups to assist physicians in providing optimal care. Therefore, we evaluated changes proposed by PRINTO to highlight their impact on forming consistent groups regarding uveitis and treatment responses, particularly focusing on early-onset anti-nuclear antibody (ANA)-positive JIA. Methods Pediatric patients diagnosed with JIA according to ILAR and PRINTO classification, with a minimum of 1-year of follow-up, were enrolled, excluding those meeting the exclusion criteria for both the oligoarticular JIA and the early-onset ANA-positive JIA groups. Results Among the 139 enrolled patients, 110 (79.1%) had oligoarticular JIA, while 15 (10.8%) had early-onset ANA-positive JIA. The below-age-5 criterion demonstrated the strongest association with uveitis, while the below-age-7 provided similar associations without substantial exclusions (odds ratio (OR) 8.62 [2.50–29.81] vs 7.45 [2.37–26.66]). Patients with a single ANA positivity at a titer ≥ 1/160 and age of onset below 7 had a notably higher risk of new-onset uveitis and biologic DMARD requirement (OR 7.95 [2.37–26.66] and 3.6 [1.42–9.09], respectively). Conclusion The inclusion of age of disease onset and ANA positivity with a titer ≥ 1/160 has enhanced uniformity in uveitis risk and treatment response, including failure of conventional synthetic DMARDs. Additionally, a single ANA positivity at a ≥ 1/160 titer rather than requiring two instances yields similar consistency. However, the joint count criteria failed to form consistent groups. PRINTO’s classification places a significant proportion of patients into the “other JIA” group, necessitating further classification for improved clinical utility. Key Points•Inclusion of age and ANA positivity criteria increased uniformity among the subgroups.•Single ANA positivity at a ≥ 1/160 titer can be sufficient instead of twice.•Early utilization of bDMARDs may be beneficial for early-onset ANA-positive JIA group.•PRINTO classification must further classify the “other JIA” before being implemented in clinical practice.

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• Pub. Date : 2025
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AbstractOn 21 June 2022, during the annual Geospace Environment Modeling (GEM) workshop, a panel discussion titled “Radiation Belt Loss: The Long‐Standing Debate Part II” was organized by the focus group “System Understanding of Radiation Belt Particle Dynamics.” The panel focused on unresolved questions regarding the mechanisms driving electron loss in Earth's radiation belts, discussing topics including magnetopause shadowing, outward radial transport, and wave‐particle interactions driving particle precipitation. In this commentary, we provide an overview of the outcomes of this discussion and highlight future needs to better resolve outstanding questions.

• Book : 12(2)
• Pub. Date : 2025
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Recent studies have focused on how spinning black holes (BHs) within a binary system containing a strongly magnetized neutron star, then immersed in external magnetic fields, can acquire charge through mechanisms like the Wald process and how this charge could power pulsar-like electromagnetic radiation. Those objects called “Black hole pulsar” mimic the behaviour of a traditional pulsar, and they can generate electromagnetic fields, such as magnetic dipoles. Charged particles within an accretion disk around the black hole would then be influenced not only by the gravitational forces but also by electromagnetic forces, leading to different geometries and dynamics. In this context, we focus here on the interplay of the magnetic dipole and the accretion disk. We construct the equilibrium structures of non-conducting charged perfect fluids orbiting Kerr black holes under the influence of a dipole magnetic field aligned with the rotation axis of the BH. The dynamics of the accretion disk in such a system are shaped by a complex interplay between the non-uniform, non-Keplerian angular momentum distribution, the black hole’s induced magnetic dipole, and the fluid’s charge. We show how these factors jointly influence key properties of the disk, such as its geometry, aspect ratio, size, and rest mass density.

• Book : 11(2)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.45-45
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ABSTRACTBackgroundNearly 20% of US cancer survivors develop cardiovascular disease (CVD) from cardiotoxic cancer treatments. Patients and providers may consider alternative treatments to lower cardiotoxicity risk, but these may be less effective at preventing relapse/recurrence, presenting a difficult tradeoff.AimsThis study explored survivors' cancer treatment decision‐making when weighing this tradeoff.MethodsUsing adjusted multivariable logistic regression, we examined 443 US survivors' risk perceptions (deliberative, affective, and intuitive) about cancer and CVD and associations of these with their selection between two hypothetical cancer treatments: Treatment A: 5% chance of cancer recurrence and 10% chance of CVD; Treatment B: 10% chance of recurrence and 5% chance of CVD. We explored the effects of delay discounting by randomizing to a condition describing cancer recurrence/CVD as either immediate or delayed.ResultsMore survivors (Mage = 48, range = 18–93; M = 10.8 years post‐diagnosis) selected Treatment A than Treatment B (72% v. 28%). Timing of onset was not associated with treatment selection. Greater affective risk perception (worry) about cancer was associated with increased odds of choosing Treatment A, whereas greater CVD worry was associated with decreased odds (OR‐cancer = 1.33, p = 0.006; OR‐CVD = 0.72, p = 0.007). Neither deliberative nor experiential risk perceptions were associated with treatment choice.ConclusionsSurvivors were more likely to select the treatment that minimized recurrence rather than CVD—regardless of the timing of onset. Treatment decision was linked to both cancer‐ and CVD‐related worry but not deliberative or experiential risk perceptions. During treatment discussions, clinicians should open conversations about the risks of treatment‐associated cardiotoxicity, the probabilities, and patients' relative worries about cancer and cardiotoxicity.

• Book : 34(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
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• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.1-1
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• Pub. Date : 2025
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