Artisanal kefir is produced by fermenting milk with kefir grains, resulting in a lightly carbonated drink with health-promoting bioactive compounds. However, sensory variability and fermentation conditions challenge its standardization, limiting commercialization in Brazil due to regulatory requirements. This study evaluated the physicochemical properties, volatile compounds, and microbiological stability of artisanal kefir produced in southern Brazil during 30 days of storage. Metabarcoding analysis, carried out by sequencing the V3/V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene (bacteria) and the ITS region (fungi), revealed an increase in bacterial diversity, with a predominance of Enterococcus and Acetobacter, while fungal diversity decreased, with a predominance of Kazachstania. The physicochemical parameters remained stable. The concentration of volatile compounds, analyzed using a gas chromatograph coupled to a mass spectrometer, decreased, except for an increase in 2-heptanol. The aromatic profile was enriched with alcohols and ketones, possibly influenced by Enterococcus and Acetobacter. These findings show that kefir maintained microbiological stability and adequate sensory characteristics throughout the period analyzed. The study provides subsidies for the standardization of artisanal kefir and compliance with Brazilian quality standards, as well as guiding future research into durability, quality, and consumer perception.

• Book : 11(2)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.105-105
• Keyword :

Abstract In all three domains of life, genes with related functions can be organized into specific genomic regions known as gene clusters. In eukaryotes, histone, piRNA (Piwi-interacting RNA), and rDNA (ribosomal DNA) clusters are among the most notable clusters which play fundamental roles in chromatin formation, genome integrity, and translation, respectively. These clusters have long been thought to be regulated by distinct transcriptional mechanisms. In this study, using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model system we identify ATTF-6, a member of the AT-hook family, as a key factor for the expression of histone, piRNA, and 5S rDNA-SL1 (spliced leader 1) clusters. ATTF-6 is essential for C. elegans viability. It forms distinct nuclear foci at both piRNA and 5S rDNA-SL1 clusters. Loss of ATTF-6 leads to a depletion of histone mRNAs, SL1 transcripts, and piRNAs. Additionally, we demonstrate that ATTF-6 is required for the recruitment of USTC (Upstream Sequence Transcription Complex) to piRNA clusters, which is necessary for piRNA production. Collectively, our findings reveal a unifying role for an AT-hook transcription factor in promoting the expression of fundamental gene clusters.

• Book : 53(4)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page :
• Keyword :

Eccrine porocarcinoma is a tumor of the sweat gland that mostly develops from an existing benign eccrine poroma. It is a rare cutaneous malignancy with a high risk of metastasis and recurrence. Known to affect the elderly population in general with no gender discrepancy, it presents as an ulcerative mass commonly in the trunk or head/neck region. Definitive diagnosis is made by histopathological findings of peculiar pleomorphic cells with nuclear hyperchromasia and mitotic activity, surrounded by ductal lumen. The standard treatment is complete surgical excision with appropriate surgical margins; adequate work-ups to look for metastasis and timely follow ups for chances of recurrence. Here we report a case of an 82-year-old patient who presented at our department with a long-standing exophytic lesion in the head that rapidly started growing in the past few weeks. After excisional biopsy and histopathology, the diagnosis of Eccrine porocarcinoma was made.Keywords: Cutaneous; eccrine porocarcinoma; malignancy; rare.

• Book : 22(04)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.796-798
• Keyword :

• Book : ()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page :
• Keyword :

Nuclear power technology is one of the pivotal avenues for ensuring a clean global energy transition. Bolstering technological diversity is critical for the sustainable advancement of nuclear power worldwide. However, a gap exists in investigating the trends and diversification of nuclear power technology over the past decade. This study proposes a data-driven integrated approach, leveraging descriptive statistics, co-occurrence analysis, network analysis, and multi-criteria decision-making methods to delve into the patent development, research and development (R&D) landscapes, and international layouts of nuclear power technology. Furthermore, the diversity of nuclear power technology globally and specifically within China is assessed. The findings unveil a substantial surge in nuclear power technology patents since 2020, with China, Japan, and Korea emerging as prominent R&D hubs. The R&D efforts in nuclear power technology predominantly concentrate on the design of nuclear reactor structures and cooling systems. Europe and the United States occupy significant positions within the nuclear power technology patent network. While China’s nuclear power technology diversity slightly lags the global average, it has demonstrated a marginal lead since 2021. This study offers a comprehensive decisionsupport tool for trend analysis and diversity assessment in nuclear power technology.

• Book : 57(3)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.1-8
• Keyword :

This study on the negative-order fractional space-time modified KdV (nfmKdV) equation provides a comprehensive analysis of how fractional differentials affect the dynamics of solitons in non-linear wave models. We are referring to introduces the nfmKdV equation, a significant extension of the traditional KdV equation, which is commonly used to model wave propagation in non-linear dispersive media. By developing both focusing and defocusing solutions and employing the Hirota technique to construct multisoliton solutions, the study opens new avenues for the exploration of fractional wave equations in diverse physical contexts. The use of fractional calculus, and specifically negative-order derivatives, enhances the model?s ability to describe real-world phenomena with long-range interactions and memory effects, offering significant potential for future research in non-linear and fractional dynamics. This newly established result warrants further investigation determine its applicability to other non-linear fractional order models, and other existing methods may be employed to explore this new development. As the fractional order approaches one, the results align with well-established findings in the literature. This study provides a deeper understanding of the dynamics of solitons in fractional media, which could be useful for modelling soliton propagation in systems where traditional integer-order models fail to capture essential behavior.

• Book : 29(1 Part A)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.359-370
• Keyword :

The wave functions of converted harmonic-oscillator in local scaling transformations are employed to evaluate charge distributions and elastic charge electron scattering form structures for 6,7Li, 9Be, 14,15N and 16O nuclei. The nuclear shell-model was fulfilled using Warburton-Brown  psd-shell (WBP) interaction with  truncation in  model space. Very good agreements with the experimental data were obtained for the aforementioned quantities. 

• Book : ()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.423-432
• Keyword :

Dust growth is often indirectly inferred observationally in star-forming environments, is theoretically predicted to produce millimetre-sized particles in circumstellar discs, and has also acted on the predecessors of the terrestrial meteoritic record. For those reasons, it is believed that young gas giants under formation in protoplanetary discs that have putative circumplanetary discs (CPDs) surrounding them, such as PDS 70c, should contain millimetre-sized particles. We modelled the spectra of a set of CPDs, which we obtained from radiation hydrodynamic simulations at varying Rosseland opacities, κ_ R. The κ_ R from the hydrodynamic simulations are matched with consistent opacity sets of an interstellar-medium-like composition, but grown to larger sizes Our high κ_ R hydro data nominally corresponds to 10 μm-sized particles, and our low κ_ R cases correspond to millimetre-sized particles. We investigated the resulting broad spectral features at first, while keeping the overall optical depth in the planetary envelope constant. Dust growth to size distributions dominated by millimetre particles generally results in broad, featureless spectra with black-body like slopes in the far-infrared, while size distributions dominated by small dust develop steeper slopes in the far-infrared and maintain some features stemming from individual minerals. We find that significant dust growth from microns to millimetres can explain the broad features of the PDS 70c data, when upscaling the dust masses from our simulations by one hundred times. Furthermore, our results indicate that the spectral range of 30-500 μm is an ideal hunting ground for broadband features arising from the CPD, but that longer wavelengths observed with ALMA can also be used for massive CPDs.

• Book : ()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page :
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A Nanobeam X-ray Experiments (NXE) instrument was developed and installed at the hard X-ray beamline of the Pohang Accelerator Laboratory X-ray Free Electron Laser. This instrument consists of a diagnostic system, focusing optics, an X-ray diffraction endstation and a femtosecond laser delivery system. The NXE instrument enables sophisticated X-ray experiments using nanofocused X-rays. At a 9.5 keV X-ray energy, the beam was successfully focused to 390 nm × 230 nm at the focal plane using Kirkpatrick–Baez mirrors. Following the successful commissioning experiments in December 2021 and April 2022, the instrument became available for regular user experiments in January 2023. The first user experiment was conducted in January 2024. This article provides detailed information on the beamline optics, the NXE instrument, and its performance and capabilities.

• Book : 32(2)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page :
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Abstract The origin and authenticity of artifacts unearthed outside controlled archaeological excavations pose challenges for archaeologists, especially when they do not fit established patterns in the archaeological record. This article presents a detailed analysis of a stone stela discovered in non-professional circumstances on the Great Hungarian Plain. The stela’s engraved design, previously unknown in the regional archaeological record, closely resembles that of a slab in the Gavrinis passage grave in Bretagne, France. In addition to the provenance of the rock, our investigations specifically focused on the identification of the find context and the authenticity of the engravings. The results thus far support the engravings’ authenticity and suggest that the stela was removed from a Yamnaya kurgan and repurposed several millennia later. We argue that the Kevermes stela testifies to complex dynamics of long-distance mobility and cultural exchange in Europe during the late fourth and the first half of the third millennium BC.

• Book : 11(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page :
• Keyword :