• Book : 52()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.100928-100928
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• Pub. Date : 2025
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Abstract Objectives The International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR) juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) classification was revisited by the Pediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organization (PRINTO) in 2018. Classifications should establish uniform groups to assist physicians in providing optimal care. Therefore, we evaluated changes proposed by PRINTO to highlight their impact on forming consistent groups regarding uveitis and treatment responses, particularly focusing on early-onset anti-nuclear antibody (ANA)-positive JIA. Methods Pediatric patients diagnosed with JIA according to ILAR and PRINTO classification, with a minimum of 1-year of follow-up, were enrolled, excluding those meeting the exclusion criteria for both the oligoarticular JIA and the early-onset ANA-positive JIA groups. Results Among the 139 enrolled patients, 110 (79.1%) had oligoarticular JIA, while 15 (10.8%) had early-onset ANA-positive JIA. The below-age-5 criterion demonstrated the strongest association with uveitis, while the below-age-7 provided similar associations without substantial exclusions (odds ratio (OR) 8.62 [2.50–29.81] vs 7.45 [2.37–26.66]). Patients with a single ANA positivity at a titer ≥ 1/160 and age of onset below 7 had a notably higher risk of new-onset uveitis and biologic DMARD requirement (OR 7.95 [2.37–26.66] and 3.6 [1.42–9.09], respectively). Conclusion The inclusion of age of disease onset and ANA positivity with a titer ≥ 1/160 has enhanced uniformity in uveitis risk and treatment response, including failure of conventional synthetic DMARDs. Additionally, a single ANA positivity at a ≥ 1/160 titer rather than requiring two instances yields similar consistency. However, the joint count criteria failed to form consistent groups. PRINTO’s classification places a significant proportion of patients into the “other JIA” group, necessitating further classification for improved clinical utility. Key Points•Inclusion of age and ANA positivity criteria increased uniformity among the subgroups.•Single ANA positivity at a ≥ 1/160 titer can be sufficient instead of twice.•Early utilization of bDMARDs may be beneficial for early-onset ANA-positive JIA group.•PRINTO classification must further classify the “other JIA” before being implemented in clinical practice.

• Book : ()
• Pub. Date : 2025
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AbstractOn 21 June 2022, during the annual Geospace Environment Modeling (GEM) workshop, a panel discussion titled “Radiation Belt Loss: The Long‐Standing Debate Part II” was organized by the focus group “System Understanding of Radiation Belt Particle Dynamics.” The panel focused on unresolved questions regarding the mechanisms driving electron loss in Earth's radiation belts, discussing topics including magnetopause shadowing, outward radial transport, and wave‐particle interactions driving particle precipitation. In this commentary, we provide an overview of the outcomes of this discussion and highlight future needs to better resolve outstanding questions.

• Book : 12(2)
• Pub. Date : 2025
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Recent studies have focused on how spinning black holes (BHs) within a binary system containing a strongly magnetized neutron star, then immersed in external magnetic fields, can acquire charge through mechanisms like the Wald process and how this charge could power pulsar-like electromagnetic radiation. Those objects called “Black hole pulsar” mimic the behaviour of a traditional pulsar, and they can generate electromagnetic fields, such as magnetic dipoles. Charged particles within an accretion disk around the black hole would then be influenced not only by the gravitational forces but also by electromagnetic forces, leading to different geometries and dynamics. In this context, we focus here on the interplay of the magnetic dipole and the accretion disk. We construct the equilibrium structures of non-conducting charged perfect fluids orbiting Kerr black holes under the influence of a dipole magnetic field aligned with the rotation axis of the BH. The dynamics of the accretion disk in such a system are shaped by a complex interplay between the non-uniform, non-Keplerian angular momentum distribution, the black hole’s induced magnetic dipole, and the fluid’s charge. We show how these factors jointly influence key properties of the disk, such as its geometry, aspect ratio, size, and rest mass density.

• Book : 11(2)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.45-45
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POP fillers containing aromatic groups with internal π–π effect can catalyze the decomposition of LiTFSI to form a stable LiF-rich SEI layer and inhibit the growth of lithium dendrites, which helps the stable cycle of PEO-based solid-state batteries.

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• Pub. Date : 2025
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• Book : ()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.101652-101652
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ABSTRACTBackgroundProstate cancer is an example of the undervaluation of clinical examinations in care of patients. After external radiotherapy, cancer recurrence is primarily determined biologically by measuring prostate‐specific antigen concentration. Consequently, there is no systematic requirement for the digital rectal examination (DRE). Nevertheless, research has shown that patients attach both practical and symbolic significance to being examined by their physicians. This study aimed to assess how patients perceive DRE omission after prostate cancer radiation therapy.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a survey of 107 men in remission after radiotherapy for prostate cancer in the Radiotherapy Oncology Department of Bordeaux University Hospital, France. The aim of the survey was to assess the significance that patients place on undergoing a DRE as part of their follow‐up care, both from a practical perspective (medical relevance) and a symbolic perspective (influence on the perception of the treating radiation oncologist).ResultsDespite receiving information on the lack of relevance of DRE during follow‐up, 40 of the 100 respondents still perceived a practical benefit of undergoing DRE (pragmatic dimension). On a symbolic level, many patients associated the performance of DRE by their radiotherapy oncologist with impressions of competence, concern for their health and concern for them personally (61%, 63% and 64%, respectively). Although the correlations between the pragmatic and symbolic dimensions were significant, more than one‐third of patients who understood the lack of clinical relevance of DRE still attributed symbolic value to it.ConclusionsA positive perception of DRE persists among patients, mainly at the symbolic level, including a proportion of patients who understand the low clinical utility of DRE. Importantly, the persistence of these perceptions regarding DRE should not be misconstrued as justification for performing pelvic examinations without clear clinical reasons.

• Book : 14(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
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• Pub. Date : 2025
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AbstractWomen now comprise over 50% of medical school graduates and over one‐third of practicing physicians in the United States. Despite this progress, significant barriers to career advancement and leadership persist, particularly in male‐dominated fields like urology and oncology. Women physicians are linked to improved patient outcomes and are critical to addressing the projected physician shortage, which is expected to be exaggerated in oncology specialties. This review highlights progress, challenges, and future directions for gender equity in urology, urologic oncology, and oncology subspecialties. Urology and urologic oncology have seen growth in female representation, whereas radiation oncology remains stagnant, and medical oncology has reached near gender parity among trainees. However, leadership roles across all these fields continue to reflect gender inequities. Key barriers include the gender pay gap, insufficient maternal leave policies, workplace harassment, and lack of mentorship and sponsorship for women physicians. Moving forward, efforts to advance gender equity must include transparent pay structures, supportive maternal leave, and robust antiharassment policies. Promoting women in leadership and fostering mentorship are also essential to retaining and advancing women in these fields. By addressing these issues, the health care community can progress toward gender equity, strengthen the physician workforce, and improve patient outcomes. Institutional and national advocacy is crucial for creating an equitable and effective medical community.

• Book : 131(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
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