• Book : 55(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.10
• Keyword :

Terahertz biotechnology has been increasingly applied in various biomedical fields and has especially shown great potential for application in brain sciences. In this article, we review the development of terahertz biotechnology and its applications in the field of neuropsychiatry. Available evidence indicates promising prospects for the use of terahertz spectroscopy and terahertz imaging techniques in the diagnosis of amyloid disease, cerebrovascular disease, glioma, psychiatric disease, traumatic brain injury, and myelin deficit. In vitro and animal experiments have also demonstrated the potential therapeutic value of terahertz technology in some neuropsychiatric diseases. Although the precise underlying mechanism of the interactions between terahertz electromagnetic waves and the biosystem is not yet fully understood, the research progress in this field shows great potential for biomedical noninvasive diagnostic and therapeutic applications. However, the biosafety of terahertz radiation requires further exploration regarding its two-sided efficacy in practical applications. This review demonstrates that terahertz biotechnology has the potential to be a promising method in the field of neuropsychiatry based on its unique advantages.

• Book : 20(2)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.309-325
• Keyword :

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to assess how T2 heterogeneity biases IMPULSED‐derived metrics of tissue microstructure in solid tumors and evaluate the potential of estimating multi‐compartmental T2 and microstructural parameters simultaneously.

Methods

This study quantifies the impact of T2 relaxation on IMPULSED‐derived microstructural parameters using computer simulations and in vivo multi‐TE IMPULSED MRI in five tumor models, including brain, breast, prostate, melanoma, and colon cancer. A comprehensive T2 + IMPULSED method was developed to fit multi‐compartmental T2 and microstructural parameters simultaneously. A Bayesian model selection approach was carried out voxel‐wisely to determine if the T2 heterogeneity needs to be included in IMPULSED MRI in cancer.

Results

Simulations suggest that T2 heterogeneity has a minor effect on the estimation of d in tissues with intermediate or high cell density, but significantly biases the estimation of with low cell density. For the in vivo animal experiments, all IMPULSED metrics except are statistically independent on TE. For B16 tumors, the IMPULSED‐derived exhibited a notable increase with longer TEs. For MDA‐MB‐231 tumors, IMPULSED‐derived showed a significant increase with increasing TEs. The T2 + IMPULSED‐derived of all five tumor models are consistently smaller than .

Conclusions

The findings from this study highlight two key observations: (i) TE has a negligible impact on IMPULSED‐derived cell sizes, and (ii) the TE‐dependence of IMPULSED‐derived intracellular volume fractions used in T2 + IMPULSED modeling to estimate and . These insights contribute to the ongoing development and refinement of non‐invasive MRI techniques for measuring cell sizes.

• Book : 93(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.96-107
• Keyword :

• Book : 55(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.119-133
• Keyword :

• Book : 35(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.102800
• Keyword :

Abstract

We use an integrated modeling workflow with the transport code ASTRA coupled with the quasi-linear transport model TGLF-SAT2, the neoclassical model NCLASS, the FACIT model for the neoclassical impurity transport and the IMEP routines for the pedestal calculations, in order to predict the evolution of the plasma profiles for the Divertor Tokamak Test facility (DTT) tokamak main scenarios. The simulations cover the whole confined plasma radius, up to the separatrix, and the time evolution of the plasma including the early phase in limiter configuration, the whole current ramp-up phase in L-mode divertor configuration, the L-H transition and part of the stationary H-mode phase. Six fields are predicted, i.e. the ion and electron temperatures, the electron density, two impurity densities and the plasma current. The simulations indicate that the main DTT scenarios are within the technical capabilities of the machine. They also indicate that the DTT full power, full current, full field scenario will be able to operate in H-mode with a duration of the flat-top phase of the order of ∼ 30 s, and plasma parameters allowing a core-edge integrated study of the power exhaust, which is the main mission of the device. The simulations show also a strong flexibility of the DTT plasmas, that allows DTT to study reactor-relevant conditions unexplored by existing tokamaks.

• Book : 65(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.016005
• Keyword :

• Book : 603()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.155456
• Keyword :

• Book : 227()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.109706
• Keyword :

• Book : 226()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.112214
• Keyword :

• Book : 226()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.112244
• Keyword :