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Study Design Narrative Review. Objective Contextualized by a narrative review of recent literature, we propose a wound complication prevention and management algorithm for spinal oncology patients. We highlight available strategies and motivate future research to identify optimal and individualized wound management for this population. Methods We conducted a search of recent studies (2010-2022) using relevant keywords to identify primary literature in support of current strategies for wound complication prevention and management following spine tumor surgery. When primary literature specific to spine tumor cases was not available, data were extrapolated from studies of other spine surgery populations. Results were compiled into a proposed clinical algorithm to guide practice considering available evidence. Results Based on available literature, we recommend individualized stratification of patients according to identifiable risk factors for wound complication and propose several interventions which might be employed preventatively, including intrawound antibiotic administration, negative pressure wound therapy, and primary flap closure of the surgical wound. Of these, the available evidence, weighing possible risks vs benefits, most strongly favors primary flap closure of surgical wounds, particularly for patients with multiple risk factors. A secondary algorithm to guide management of wound complications is also proposed. Conclusions Wound complications such as SSI and dehiscence remain a significant source of morbidity following spine tumor surgery. Triaging patients on an individualized basis according to risk factors for complication may aid in selecting appropriate prophylactic strategies to prevent these complications. Future research in this area is still needed to strengthen recommendations.

• Book : 15(1_suppl)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.143S-156S
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Abstract Background Multi-cancer early detection (MCED) tests may expand cancer screening. Characterizing diagnostic resolution approaches following positive MCED tests is critical. Two trials employed distinct resolution approaches: a molecular signal to predict tissue of origin (TOO) and an imaging-based diagnostic strategy. This modeling study characterizes diagnostic journeys and impact in a hypothetical population of average risk MCED eligible patients. Methods A mathematical expression for diagnostic burden was derived using positive predictive value (PPV), molecular TOO localization accuracy, and numbers of procedures associated with each diagnostic outcome. Imaging-based and molecular TOO-informed strategies were compared. Excess lifetime cancer risk due to futile radiation exposure was estimated using organ-specific diagnostic imaging radiation doses. Results Across all PPVs and localization performances, a molecular TOO strategy resulted in a higher diagnostic burden: 3.6 procedures [SD 0.445] vs 2.6 procedures [SD 0.100] for the imaging strategy. Estimated diagnostic burden was higher for molecular TOO in 95.5% of all PPV and TOO accuracy combinations; ≥79% PPV and 90% accuracy would be required for a molecular TOO-informed strategy to be less burdensome than imaging. The maximum rate of excess cancer incidence from radiation exposure for MCED false positive results (individuals aged 50-84) was 64.6/100,000 (annual testing, 99% specificity), 48.5/100,000 (biennial testing, 98.5% specificity), and 64.6/100,000 (biennial testing, 98% specificity). Conclusions An imaging-based diagnostic strategy is more efficient than a molecular TOO-informed approach across almost all PPV and TOO accuracy combinations. The use of an imaging-based approach for cancer localization can be efficient and low-risk compared to a molecular-informed approach.

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SUMMARYAnimals have evolved distinct small RNA pathways, including piRNA and siRNA, to silence invasive and selfish nucleic acids. piRNA pathway factors are concentrated in perinuclear germ granules that frequently associate with nuclear pore complexes (NPCs). However, the factors mediating germ granule-NPC association and the functional relevance of such association remain unknown. Here we show that the conserved nucleoporins NPP-14 (NUP-214) and NPP-24 (NUP-88), components of the cytoplasmic filaments of NPC, play critical roles in anchoring germ granule to NPC and in attenuating piRNA silencing InC. elegans. Proximity labeling experiments further identified EPS-1 (enhanced piRNA silencing) as a key germ granule factor contributing to germ granule-NPC interaction. Innpp-14,npp-24,oreps-1mutant animals, we observed fewer but enlarged, unorganized germ granules, accompanied by the over-amplification of secondary small RNAs at piRNA targeting sites. Nonetheless, we found this enhancement of piRNA silencing comes at the cost of dampened RNAi efficiency and RNAi inheritance. Together, our studies uncovered factors contributing to germ granule-NPC association and underscored the importance of spatial organization of germ granules in balancing small RNA silencing pathways.

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• Pub. Date : 2025
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Quantifying and mapping evapotranspiration (ET) from land surfaces is crucial in the context of climate change. For decades, remote sensing data have been utilized to estimate ET, leading to the development of numerous algorithms. However, their application is still non-trivial, mainly due to practical constraints. This paper introduces geeSSEBI, a Google Earth Engine implementation of the S-SEBI (Simplified Surface Energy Balance Index) model, for deriving ET from Landsat data and ERA5-land radiation. The source code and a graphical user interface implemented as a Google Earth Engine application are provided. The model ran on 871 images, and the estimates were evaluated against multiyear data of four eddy covariance towers belonging to the ICOS network, representative of both forests and agricultural landscapes. The model showed an RMSE of approximately 1 mm/day, and a significant correlation with the observed values, at all the sites. A procedure to upscale the data to monthly is proposed and tested as well, and its accuracy evaluated. Overall, the model showed acceptable accuracy, while performing better on forest ecosystems than on agricultural ones, especially at daily and monthly timescales. This implementation is particularly valuable for mapping evapotranspiration in data-scarce environments by utilizing Landsat archives and ERA5-land radiation estimates.

• Book : 17(3)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.395-395
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Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of thermal ablation, focusing on radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and microwave ablation (MWA), for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using US-, CT-, and MR-guidance. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched for studies comparing US, CT, and MR guidance in thermal ablation for HCC. Observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. Overall survival (OS), local tumor recurrence (LTR), primary technique effectiveness (PTE), and major complications were assessed with network meta-analysis. Results: One RCT and 13 retrospective cohort studies reporting on 2349 patients were included. For OS at 3 years, compared to CT, US had hazard ratios (HRs) of 0.98 (95%CI: 0.77–1.26), and MR had HRs of 1.60 (95%CI: 0.51–5.00); For OS at 5 years, US had HRs of 0.80 (95%CI: 0.64–1.01), and MR had HRs of 1.23 (95%CI: 0.52–2.95) compared to CT. LTR rates, PTE, and major complications did not show statistical significance among the three guidance modalities (LTR: RR = 0.29 (95%CI: 0.08–1.14), p = 0.97 MR vs. CT; RR = 0.25 (95%CI: 0.06–1.02), p = 0.97 MR vs. US; PTE: RR = 1.06 (95%CI: 0.96–1.17), p = 0.90 MR vs. CT; RR = 1.08 (95%CI: 0.98–1.20), p = 0.90 MR vs. US. Major complications: RR = 0.27 (95%CI: 0.13–0.59), p = 0.94 MR vs. CT; RR = 0.41 (95%CI: 0.10–1.74), p = 0.94 MR vs. US). Conclusions: CT-, US-, and MR-guided RFA and MWA are equally effective and safe for HCC patients.

• Book : 17(3)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.409-409
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