• Book : 85()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.39-51
• Keyword :

• Book : ()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page :
• Keyword :

• Book : ()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page :
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• Book : 210()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.110864
• Keyword :

• Book : 210()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.110855
• Keyword :

Abstract

Mitochondria are organelles with double-membrane structure of inner and outer membrane, which provides main energy support for cell growth and metabolism. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) mainly comes from mitochondrial and can cause irreversible damage to cells under oxidative stress. Thus, mitochondrial homeostasis is the basis for maintaining the normal physiological function of cells and mitophagy plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis. At present, to enhance the sensitivity of cancer cells to radiotherapy and chemotherapy by regulating mitochondria has increasingly become a hot spot of cancer therapy. It is particularly important to study the effect of ionizing radiation (IR) on mitochondria and the role of mitophagy in the radiosensitivity of cancer cells. Most of the existing reviews have focused on mitophagy-related molecules or pathways and the impact of mitophagy on diseases. In this review, we mainly focus on discussing the relationship between mitophagy and radiosensitivity of cancer cells around mitochondria and IR.

• Book : 150(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.14
• Keyword :

Abstract

A single-feed circularly polarized antenna with electromagnetic band gap (EBG) has been developed for the Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) bands. The proposed antenna features a square patch with eight slits on each side and corner, along with a cross-slot in the middle. To prevent surface wave excitation caused by the patch antenna's thick substrate, new grounded like-mushroom EBG structures will surround the antenna. The frequency band gap characteristics of the EBG unit cells have been optimized at 5.8 GHz. A row of EBGs squares is 4.73 mm (0.063λo) away from the antenna square patch and surrounds it on all four sides. The proposed mushroom-like structure design improves the antenna's directivity by 43.31%, gain by 32.93%, reflection coefficient by 93%, and radiation efficiency by 35.22%. This topology enables a wide variety of wireless communications applications. Computer simulation technologies (CSTs) were used to generate simulation figures for the proposed antenna, operating at 5.8 GHz. Furthermore, the new Like-Mushroom EBG antenna simulation, experimental results, and other reported works confirm that our approach meets the studied objectives regarding polarization purity, radiation efficiency, high directivity, and gain.

• Book : 147(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.011002
• Keyword :

JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202504000-00027/figure1/v/2024-07-06T104127Z/r/image-tiff

Cardiac arrest can lead to severe neurological impairment as a result of inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and post-cardiopulmonary resuscitation neurological damage. Hypoxic preconditioning has been shown to improve migration and survival of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and reduce pyroptosis after cardiac arrest, but the specific mechanisms by which hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells protect against brain injury after cardiac arrest are unknown. To this end, we established an in vitro co-culture model of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and oxygen-glucose deprived primary neurons and found that hypoxic preconditioning enhanced the protective effect of bone marrow stromal stem cells against neuronal pyroptosis, possibly through inhibition of the MAPK and nuclear factor κB pathways. Subsequently, we transplanted hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells into the lateral ventricle after the return of spontaneous circulation in an 8-minute cardiac arrest rat model induced by asphyxia. The results showed that hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells significantly reduced cardiac arrest-induced neuronal pyroptosis, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial damage, whereas knockdown of the liver isoform of phosphofructokinase in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells inhibited these effects. To conclude, hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells offer a promising therapeutic approach for neuronal injury following cardiac arrest, and their beneficial effects are potentially associated with increased expression of the liver isoform of phosphofructokinase following hypoxic preconditioning.

• Book : 20(4)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.1103-1123
• Keyword :

ABSTRACT: This report described the use of acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography in the diagnosis of two cases of canine malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Both patients presented with lameness in the thoracic limb and no response to previous clinical treatment or trauma history. Physical examination revealed muscular atrophy in one of the thoracic limbs, in both dogs. B-mode axillary ultrasound showed the presence of a predominantly hypoechogenic, heterogeneous, irregular, nonencapsulated nodule with adjacent reactivity, measuring approximately 20.1 mm x 15.4 mm in the first case and 18.3 mm x 10.7 mm in the second. ARFI elastography was performed, showing areas of significant stiffness, with an average shear wave velocity of 4.12 m/s (case 1) and 4.35 m/s (case 2), suggesting malignancy. In both cases, the affected limb was amputated, and the tumors sent for histopathological analysis, which were; subsequently, diagnosed as malignant tumors of the peripheral nerve sheath. The ultrasonographic methods used were essential in the diagnosis and therapeutic conduct.

• Book : 55(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.e20240042
• Keyword :

• Book : 210()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.110859
• Keyword :