Oral cavity cancer, encompassing lip, mouth, and tongue cancers, is of interest because it is the sixteenth most prevalent neoplasia globally, accounting for 389,846 new cases and approximately 188,000 deaths by 2022. The specific objective of this study was to investigate morphological changes in the nuclei of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) using specific DNA staining techniques and an automated Irregularity Nuclear Index (NII) for classification. Samples from 32 patients diagnosed with OSCC were analyzed, with a focus on distinguishing tumor differentiation stages through nuclear morphometric analysis. A mixed-method approach was employed using fluorescence microscopy and FIJI software to quantify nuclear irregularities, which revealed significant insights into apoptosis, mitosis, interphase, and senescence. These findings aim to enhance diagnostic accuracy and provide new tools for the early detection and management of oral cavity cancer. This research highlights the potential for integrating digital methodologies in pathology to bridge gaps in our understanding of the relationship between morphological nuclear changes and molecular alterations in tumor progression.

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Purpose: The article is devoted to the history of the development of proton radiotherapy and the achievements of the Institute of Experimental and Clinical Oncology (now the Federal State Budgetary Institution ͞N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology͟ of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation) in proton radiation therapy.Matreial and Methods: Proton radiotherapy has been used in the treatment of patients since 1967 with tumors of the breast, prostate, thyroid gland, tongue, esophagus, larynx, cervix, vulva, malignant melanoma, osteogenic sarcoma, metastases to the liver, lungs, bones, soft tissues, skin, etc. Treatment was carried out at the Centes for Proton Beam Therapy of Dubna and Moscow.Results: N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology belongs to 2/3 of the total clinical experience proton radiоtherapy in Russia. This is 2351 patients. The greatest experience is useful in treating patients with breast cancer. This is 1243 patients.

• Book : 8(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.19-28
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• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.200406-200406
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Soil temperature, a key factor in subsurface geochemical processes, is influenced by environmental and geological dynamics. This study analyzed hourly soil temperature variations at depths of 10 to 100 cm near the Sakurajima volcano, alongside concurrent ambient temperature measurements. By applying temperature models and statistical methods, we characterized both seasonal and short-term thermal dynamics, including soil-atmosphere thermal coupling. Our findings revealed a depth-dependent thermal diffusivity, establishing distinct thermal regimes within the soil profile. The soil’s strong thermal buffering capacity, evidenced by increasing amplitude attenuation and temporal lag with depth, allowed us to identify optimal instrument placement depths (80–100 cm) for minimal diurnal temperature influence. We also quantified the relationship between ambient temperature fluctuations and soil thermal response at various depths, as well as the impact of these temperature variations on soil permeability. These results enhance our understanding of subsurface thermal behaviour in volcanic environments and offer practical guidance for environmental monitoring and geohazard studies.

• Book : 16(4)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.460-460
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Abstract Objective In the diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), reliable assessment of tumor aggressiveness remains a central task for dermatopathologists. Nuclear morphometric analysis (NMA) eliminates the subjectivity of visual assessment, providing standardized, objective data that can be easily compared and analyzed. This scoping review comprehensively synthesizes the current evidence on NMA in BCC diagnosis and subtyping. Methods This scoping review follows the Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers’ Manual (2020 version). We conducted a comprehensive three-step search across five electronic databases (Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, EMBASE, and MEDLINE). A pre-registered protocol, which outlined the methodology, was published. A data extraction tool was used to systematically collect data from the included studies, followed by a narrative synthesis to summarize and interpret the findings. Results NMA aids in BCC diagnosis by identifying nuclear size, shape, and chromatin changes; it distinguishes BCC from benign lesions. Larger irregular nuclei correlate with high-risk subtypes and recurrence, whereas smaller nuclei are seen in low-risk cases. Chromatin heterogeneity and darker staining are markers of aggressive subtypes. Multivariate models integrating nuclear features demonstrate potential, though larger studies are required to validate clinical utility. Conclusions Currently, data on NMA’s applications in neoplastic dermatology are limited. Nonetheless, its potential as a tool for diagnosing, classifying, and potentially predicting the aggressive behavior of BCCs necessitates further exploration. This method has potential implications for various fields, including cytopathology. Additionally, its quantitative nature offers a solution to the automation challenges currently faced by overloaded histopathologic laboratories.

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