The Hippo/YAP pathway is a signaling pathway that plays an important role in cell proliferation, survival, differentiation, cell fate determination, organ size, and tissue homeostasis. Lens epithelial cells (LECs), located on the anterior surface of the lens, are the parental cells responsible for growth and development of the transparent ocular lens. During lens development, LECs undergo a process of differentiation where they exit the cell cycle and transform into lens fiber cells (LFCs), which constitute the majority of the lens structure. YAP is involved in the proliferation and differentiation of LECs, the maintenance of nuclear morphology, cell polarity, cell apical polarity complex, and connexin morphology. The role of the ordered arrangement of LFCs has been demonstrated in several animal studies, and Yap1 heterozygous deletion mice exhibit cataracts. The mechanism of the Hippo/YAP pathway in the physiological activities and lesions of LECs is complex, which is of great significance to understanding the development of the lens and the pathogenesis of lens-related diseases.

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• Pub. Date : 2025
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Abstract Purpose To improve [177Lu]Lu-Prostate-specific membrane antigen therapy (LuPSMA) selection, this study investigates the prognostic value of PSMA and 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ([18F]FDG)-PET in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients considered for LuPSMA therapy. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis in 152 mCRPC patients referred for LuPSMA therapy who underwent PSMA and [18F]FDG-PET/CT. Of these, 104 patients (68.4%) underwent LuPSMA therapy, while 48 (31.6%) received other standard of care (SOC). PET/CT analyses included visual assessment and semiquantitative measurements. Clinical and laboratory parameters were recorded. Overall survival (OS) and PSA response (decline > 50%) were primary and secondary endpoints, respectively. Results Baseline [18F]FDG-derived total tumor volume was the only independent predictor of overall survival both in patients subsequently treated with LuPSMA (HR 1.28 [95%CI 1.02—1.61]; p = 0.03) or in those under other SOC (HR 1.61 [95%CI 1.02—2.56]; p = 0.04), respectively. In other SOC patients, additional independent predictors of OS were total lesion PSMA uptake (PSMA-TL; HR 1.14 [95%CI 1.03–1.26]; p = 0.01), [18F]FDG mean SUV (HR 20.88 [95%CI 1.2–364.74]; p = 0.04), and [18F]FDG total lesion glycolysis (HR 1.61 [95%CI 1.02–2.56]; p = 0.04). In LuPSMA patients, PSMA-PET SUVmean was a significant independent predictor of PSA decline ≥ 50% (OR 2.97 [95%CI 1.27–8.16]; p = 0.02). Conclusion PSMA-PET and [18F]FDG-PET provide imaging biomarkers of outcome in candidates for LuPSMA. FDG-PET total tumor volume was an independent predictor of overall survival in candidates for LuPSMA therapy, irrespective of subsequent treatment decision. PSMA-PET SUVmean was associated with biochemical response to LuPSMA. Dual tracer imaging should further be assessed in prospective trials for mCRPC treatment guidance.

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• Pub. Date : 2025
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• Book : ()
• Pub. Date : 2025
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In this study, the results of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) examinations of neutron-irradiated (2.5 dpa at 150 °C, 350 °C, and 450 °C) CuCrZrV and ODS(Y2O3)-Cu alloys are presented. These materials were developed for application as heat sink materials in fusion technology. This study includes TEM imaging and quantitative analysis of neutron radiation-induced defects such as dislocation loops and voids as well as the determination of the conditions for their formation. It was found that dislocation loops of a0½⟨110⟩ type form in both alloys at all irradiation temperatures. The formation of voids in CuCrZrV alloy is effectively suppressed. The neutron irradiation causes a redistribution of Cr, Zr, and V in the CuCrZrV alloy. A particular focus was on the investigation of the distribution of the transmutation products Ni and Zn. Ni tends to segregate at the Cr-rich clusters and forms a shell around them, while Zn is evenly distributed.

• Book : 18(7)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.1401-1401
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This paper investigates the influence of annealing conditions on predicting hardening behavior in weld zone using finite element analysis (FEA) for welding simulations. Experimental welding tests were conducted on scientific plate and pipe specimens using Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW). Hardness data taken from various positions within the weld zones were converted into accumulated plastic strain using a derived hardness-plastic strain relation. FEA of the welding, considering different annealing temperatures, were performed and the results were compared with experimental data. This study demonstrates the necessity of incorporating annealing conditions to accurately predict hardening behavior, highlighting the importance of selecting appropriate annealing temperatures.

• Book : 57(5)
• Pub. Date : 2025
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• Book : 66(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.25-43
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• Book : 29(5)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.1-11
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본 논문은 폴리휴리스틱 모델(Poliheuristic Model)을 활용하여 러시아의 우크라이나 침공의 원인과 러시아의 국내 정책결정과정을 분석한 것이다.폴리휴리스틱 모델은 첫 번째 단계에서 ‘인지적 지름길’과 ‘비보상 원칙’을 적용하여 외교정책의 대안들을 선택하고, 두 번째 단계에서 이익 극대화와 손실 최소화라는 측면에서 합리적으로 대안들을 검토하여 최적의 정책 대안을 정하는 정책결정 모델을 의미한다.폴리휴리스틱 모델이라는 프리즘을 통해 우크라이나 침공을 바라보았을 때, 러시아는 1단계에서 NATO 확장에 대한 외교적 경고, 군사적 무력시위, 제한전쟁, 전면전쟁, 핵전쟁이라는 5가지 정책 옵션을 외교적, 경제적, 정치적, 군사적 수준에서 검토하였으며, 2단계에서 합리적 선택의 결과로 우크라이나에 대한 전면전쟁을 선택하였고, 제한전쟁을 우발계획으로 발전시켜 우크라이나 침공을 계획하였다.

• Book : 14(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.51-76
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Karyopherins, carrier proteins that recognize particular cargo protein patterns known as nuclear localization signals (NLSs), mediate the nuclear translocation of big proteins. In order to better understand the process of nuclear transport of proteins and create the groundwork for the development of innovative treatments that specifically target importins, it is imperative to clarify the intricate interactions between nuclear transporters and their cargo proteins. Until recently, very few NLSs have been documented. In the current work, an in silico method was used to identify NLSs for importin 8. It was determined that the sequence RRKLPVGRS serves as a recognition motif for importin 8 binding a karyopherin that is involved in the nuclear transportation of several important proteins like AGOs, SMADs, RPL23A, and TFE3. The sequence was validated in vitro in the breast cancer cell line T47D. This work subscribes to the effort to clarify the intricate relationships between nuclear transporters and their cargo proteins, in order to better understand the mechanism of nuclear transport of proteins and lay the groundwork for the development of novel therapeutics that target particular importins and have an immediate translational impact.

• Book : 26(6)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.2814-2814
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Abstract Radiation pressure is a key mechanism by which stellar feedback disrupts molecular clouds and drives H ii region expansion. This includes direct radiation pressure exerted by UV photons on dust grains, pressure associated with photoionization, and infrared (IR) radiation pressure on grains due to dust-reprocessed IR photons. We present a new method that combines high-resolution mid-IR luminosities from JWST-MIRI, optical attenuation, and nebular line measurements from the Very Large Telecope Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (VLT-MUSE), and the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Hα-based region sizes to estimate the strength of radiation pressure in ≈18,000 H ii regions across 19 nearby star-forming galaxies. This is the most extensive and direct estimate of these terms beyond the Local Group to date. In the disks of galaxies, we find that the total reprocessed IR pressure is on average 5% of the direct UV radiation pressure. This fraction rises to 10% in galaxy centers. We expect reprocessed IR radiation pressure to dominate over UV radiation pressure in regions where L F2100W / L H α corr ≳ 75 . Radiation pressure due to H ionizations is lower than pressure on dust in our sample, but appears likely to dominate the radiation pressure budget in dwarf galaxies similar to the Small Magellanic Cloud. The contribution from all radiation pressure terms appears to be subdominant compared to thermal pressure from ionized gas, reinforcing the view that radiation pressure is most important in compact, heavily embedded, and young regions.

• Book : 982(2)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.140-140
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