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2025
AbstractThe bioengineering of vascular networks is pivotal to create complex tissues and organs for regenerative medicine applications. However, bioengineered tissues comprising an arterial and venous plexus alongside a lymphatic capillary network have not been explored yet. Here, scRNA‐seq is first employed to investigate the arterio‐venous endothelial cell marker patterning in human fetal and juvenile skin. Transcriptomic analysis reveals that arterial and venous endothelial cell markers NRP1 (neuropilin 1) and NR2F2 (nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group F member 2) are broadly expressed in fetal and juvenile skin. In contrast, expression of NRP1 and NR2F2 on the protein level is cell‐type specific and is retained in 2D (2‐dimensional) cultures in vitro. Finally, distinct arterial and venous capillaries are bioengineered in 3D (3‐dimensional) hydrogels and rapid anastomosis is demonstrated with the host vasculature in vivo. In summary, the bioengineering of human arterial, venous, and lymphatic capillaries is established, hence paving the way for these cells to be used in regenerative medicine and future clinical applications- Book : ()
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2025
The role of radio mode active galactic nuclei (AGN) feedback on galaxy evolution is still under debate.
In this study we utilized a combination of radio continuum observations and optical integral field spectroscopic (IFS) data to explore the impact of radio AGN on the evolution of their host galaxies at global and subgalactic scales.
We constructed a comprehensive radio-IFS sample comprising 5548 galaxies with redshift z<0.15 by cross-matching the LOFAR Two-Metre Sky Survey (LoTSS) with the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA) survey.
We revisited the tight linear radio continuum--star formation relation and quantify its intrinsic scatter,
then used the relation to classify 616 radio-excess AGN with excessive radio luminosities over the values expected from their star formation rates.
Massive radio AGN host galaxies are predominantly quiescent systems, but the quenching level shows no correlation with the jet luminosity.
The mass assembly histories derived from the stellar population synthesis model fitting agree with the cosmological simulations incorporating radio-mode AGN feedback models.
We observe that radio AGN hosts grow faster than a control sample of
galaxies matched in stellar mass,
and the quenching age (rm ∼ 5,Gyr) is at larger lookback times than the typical radio jet age (rm < 1,Gyr). By stacking the spectra in different radial bins and comparing results for radio AGN hosts and their controls, we find emission line excess features in the nuclear region of radio AGN hosts. This excess is more prominent in low-luminosity, low-mass, and compact radio AGN. The N II /rm Hα ratios of the excessive emission line indicate that radio AGN or related jets are ionizing the surrounding interstellar medium in the vicinity of the nucleus.
Our results support the scenario that the observed present-day radio AGN activity may help their host galaxies maintain quiescence through gas ionization and heating, but it is not responsible for the past quenching of their hosts.- Book : ()
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2025
Abstract Nuclear Medicine plays an important role in the management of patients with chronic diseases, especially oncological and cardiovascular conditions. In this study, an analysis of the evolution of this field in Brazil was conducted within the framework of the Unified Health System. Retrospective analyses from 2015 to 2021 of public data were performed. Although Brazil has a considerable number of facilities, their geographical distribution is uneven. The same disparity is observed in relation to units that produce and distribute radiopharmaceuticals, limiting access for the Brazilian population, particularly to those with a half-life of less than two hours. There is a noticeable high technological dependence on foreign companies, with little or no domestic production, contributing to a deficit in the trade balance. Despite the increasing demands due to factors such as population aging and epidemiological changes, the area did not expand. It is crucial to implement social and economic policies to reduce vulnerabilities in the public healthcare system, ensure its sustainability, and promote equal and universal access to Nuclear Medicine.- Book : 30(1)
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2025
ABSTRACTBackgroundAirway obstruction secondary to chyle leak is an exceptionally rare phenomenon. Here, we describe this complication in a patient with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) undergoing consolidative surgery after BRAF‐targeted therapy.MethodsA 55‐year‐old man presented with a rapidly enlarging neck mass. Work‐up was consistent with metastatic unresectable BRAFV600E‐mutant ATC. After a remarkable response to neoadjuvant dabrafenib and trametinib, he underwent curative‐intent surgery with a right hemithyroidectomy and bilateral neck dissection. Within 48 h, he developed an expanding left neck mass with laryngeal obstruction due to a chyle leak.ResultsDespite surgical repair and maximal medical therapy, the leak persisted necessitating thoracoscopic ligation of the thoracic duct. Final pathology showed a completely excised residual tumor. The patient remains disease‐free on long‐term dabrafenib and trametinib.ConclusionsBRAF‐directed therapy has transformed the care of patients with mutated ATC. As more patients undergo consolidative surgery, increased vigilance is paramount in minimizing complications and their associated morbidity.- Book : ()
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2025
ABSTRACTLarge‐bodied pelagic sharks are key regulators of oceanic ecosystem stability, but highly impacted by severe overfishing. One such species, the shortfin mako shark (Isurus oxyrinchus), a globally widespread, highly migratory predator, has undergone dramatic population reductions and is now Endangered (IUCN Red List), with Atlantic Ocean mako sharks in particular assessed by fishery managers as overfished and in need of urgent, improved management attention. Genomic‐scale population assessments for this apex predator species have not been previously available to inform management planning; thus, we investigated the population genetics of mako sharks across the Atlantic using a bi‐organelle genomics approach. Complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) sequences and genome‐wide SNPs from sharks distributed across the Atlantic revealed contrasting patterns of population structure across marker types. Consistent with this species' long‐distance migratory capabilities, SNPs showed high connectivity and Atlantic panmixia overall. In contrast, there was matrilineal population genetic structure across Northern and Southern Hemispheres, suggesting at least large regional‐scale female philopatry. Linkage disequilibrium network analysis indicated that makos possess a chromosomal inversion that occurs Atlantic wide, a genome feature that may be informative for evolutionary investigations concerning adaptations and the global history of this iconic species. Mitogenome diversity in Atlantic makos was high compared to other elasmobranchs assessed at the mitogenome level, and nuclear diversity was high compared to the two other, highly migratory pelagic shark species assessed with SNPs. These results support management efforts for shortfin makos on at least Northern versus Southern Hemisphere scales to preserve their matrilineal genetic distinctiveness. The overall comparative genetic diversity findings provide a baseline for future comparative assessments and monitoring of genetic diversity, as called for by the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity, and cautious optimism regarding the health and recovery potential of Atlantic shortfin makos if further population declines can be halted.- Book : 18(1)
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