• Book : 212()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.111045
• Keyword :

• Book : 307()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.109405
• Keyword :

Abstract

Combining a traditional weather station with radiation monitors draws the public’s attention to the magnitude of background radiation and its typical variation while providing early indications of unplanned radiological releases, such as nuclear power plant accidents or terrorist acts. Several networks of combined weather and radiation monitoring sensors exist, but these fail to be affordable for broad distribution. This work involves creating an affordable system to accumulate data from multiple locations into a single open-source database. The data collected should thus serve as a friendly database for high school students. The system is designed around an inexpensive sensor package featuring a cup anemometer, wind direction vane, and tip bucket rain gauge. A Raspberry Pi 4 microcomputer interfaces through RJ11 and RJ45 connectors to these and other sensors. Custom-designed circuits were implemented on printed circuit boards supporting sensor chips for temperature, pressure, humidity, and air electrical resistance. The outdoor board communicates with ultraviolet light, soil moisture, and temperature sensors, relaying data using wired connections indoors where a Raspberry Pi 4 and indoor circuit board are located. The indoor board employs wireless internet protocol to communicate with a homemade Geiger-Mueller counter and a consumer-grade temporal radon monitor. The system employs an internet connection to transfer data to a cloud-based storage system. This enables a website with continuously updated pages dedicated to each established system to display collected data. Weatherproofed fused filament fabricated indoor and outdoor cases were designed. Sensor functions were tested for functionality and accuracy.

• Book : 128(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.78-92
• Keyword :

Abstract

The regulation of naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) and technologically enhanced naturally occurring radioactive material (TENORM) at the state level in the United States of America varies significantly from state to state. Policy surveillance methods and associated technologies have been developed to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of public health policies. Previous research has demonstrated that policy surveillance methods can be applied to state radiation regulations; however, no organization has taken steps to incorporate these results into a permanent database with a continuous data lifecycle program. The first goal of this project aims to apply policy surveillance methods to NORM and TENORM regulations in five southeastern states in the United States with a focus on basic definitions and general licensing requirements. The second goal is to introduce policy surveillance methods to health physicists and act as a blueprint for establishing additional datasets of radiation regulations.

• Book : 128(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.7-12
• Keyword :

• Book : 1054()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.122985
• Keyword :

• Book : 1053()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.122971
• Keyword :

Abstract

Purpose

Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy is a common form of focal drug resistant epilepsy in adults. Various mesial temporal lobe structures are integral in the genesis of temporal seizures and the hippocampal sclerosis is the primary neuropathological finding in these cases. Surgical treatment is considered the preferred management. This study aims to analyze the anatomical and surgical aspects of various resection techniques of selective amygdalohippocampectomy (SAHE)and clarify the critical anatomical landmarks and technical nuances associated which each method.

Methods

Through dissection of five human head and brain specimens we evaluated three primary surgical approaches for SAHE-transsylvian, transcortical, and subtemporal - and additionally discussed laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT). We examined the anatomical considerations of the temporal lobe and its white matter tracts, as well as the technical aspects of each approach.

Results

The transcortical approach provides direct access to mesial structures but requires precise placement of the corticotomy based on hemisphere dominance to avoid arcuate fascicle and optic radiation. The subtemporal approach preserves all above white matter tracts but may risk interruption of the inferior longitudinal fasciculus. The transsylvian approach allows for comprehensive exposure but poses risks to tracts within limen insulae, namely uncinate and inferior fronto - occipital fascicles. Additionally, there is a risk to middle cerebral artery and its branches. LITT offers a minimally invasive alternative with comparable outcomes and reduced risk of cognitive side effects.

Conclusion

Selective amygdalohippocampectomy and its variants, including LITT, are surgical strategies for managing mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Each approach has distinct anatomical and technical considerations that influence the choice of a technique. Due to complex anatomy of temporal lobe and white matter tracts variability more research is essential for achieving favourable outcomes.

• Book : 47(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.1
• Keyword :

• Book : 180()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.107342
• Keyword :

• Book : 136()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.103894
• Keyword :

• Book : 215()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.111564
• Keyword :