ࡱ> pro` (bjbj 4j J8 ,6;"888888_;a;a;a;a;a;a;$=h?;$88$$;88;&&&$p88_;&$_;&&6|{78  pN!7%68L;0;6@%@${7@78( b&!"!888;;&^888;$$$$.. SUCCESS STORY IAEA/RCA Project RAS/5/042 Application of Irradiation for Improving Food Safety, Security and Trade By Tran Khac An Research and Development Center for Radiation Technology, VINAGAMMA Vietnam Atomic Energy Commission Vietnam Phone: 84.8.8975922, Fax: 84.8.8975921 Email: vinagamma@hcm.vnn.vn Project title: Sustainable development of food irradiation in Vietnam, 2003-2005 The objectives of the project Vietnam is one of leading producers and exporters in the international trade of food especially seafood. As a RCA member we have participated in the project "Application of Food Irradiation for Food Security, Safety and Trade". The national project has been set up for the following objectives: Promotion of the private sector in application of food irradiation technology for improving food safety, security and trade; Improving QA-QC in food irradiation, Setting up necessary codes and regulations for food irradiation. The activities and results of the project The following activities have been implemented in the field of food irradiation: In order to promote the application of ionization radiation for food processing in the public and in private sectors we are continuing to propagandize the advanced method for food processing by using gamma-ray or electron beam. Two seminars on food irradiation for seafood producers and exporters in the north and south of Vietnam in the November of 2003 and in March of 2004 have been organized. Vietnamese scientists in the field radiation processing and food processing were invited to give presentations for these seminars. The presentations contained information on the mechanism of killing pathogenic microorganisms by using the method of irradiation, advantages of the method over other ones, requirements to customers in food handling and package before and after irradiation, costs of irradiation, etc. Vietnam Atomic Energy Commission has participated in two national techmarks in 2003 and 2005. In these techmarks products, pictures and brochures on food radiation were presented or delivered. VINAGAMMA has actively participated in these activities. VINAGAMMA plays a role as a consultant in food irradiation for the Directorate for Standards and Quality of Vietnam (DSQV) in promulgating codex and regulations in food irradiation. The codex and regulations that are promulgated or will be promulgated are presented in the Table 1: No.NameCodeIssue year1Irradiated foods- General requirementsTCVN 7247:200320032Code of practice for operation of irradiation facilities used for the treatment of foodsTCVN 7250:200320033Practice for dosimetry in gamma irradiation facilities for food processingTCVN 7248:200320034Practice for dosimetry in electron and bremsstralung irradiation facilities for food processingTCVN 7249:200320035Regulation of safe hygiene for foodstuff preserved by irradiation (Decision of The minister of Health) 3616/2004/QD-BYT20046Sterilization of health care products Requirements for validation and routine control Radiation sterilizationTCVN 7393: 20042004Table 1: Codex and regulations that are promulgated in 2003-2004 Upon the decision of the Ministry of Health the foods to be irradiated are sorted by 7 classes such as Agricultural products (Bulbs, Roots and tubes), Fresh fruits and vegetables (other than class 1), Cereals, milled cereal products, nuts, oil seed, pulses, dried vegetables and dried fruits, Aquatic food and its products including spineless, amphibian animals (fresh or frozen), Raw poultry and meat and their products (fresh and frozen), Dry vegetables, spices and dried herbs and Dried food of animal origin. Consulting private companies in the aspects of science and technology during their investment, construction, installation and operation of food irradiators. One EB facility for food irradiation has been put into operation in late 2003 and being upgraded to double power and one Cobalt-60 irradiator for food irradiation and sterilization of medical products is put into operation in May 2005. Table 2 presents some main specifications of irradiators in Vietnam up to the end of 2005. Table 2: Irradiators in Vietnam up to 2004 Irradiator ownerSource typekCi/kWOper. time (years)StatusVINGAMMACobalt-604006Oper.Binh Duong Ltd., Co.Cobalt-605001Oper.Son Son Ltd., Co.Electron/X ray2002Stop*Institute for Nuclear Science and Technique (INST)Cobalt-603012Stop** EB facility at Son Son Company and Cobalt-60 irradiator in INST were stopped for upgrading The technology of food irradiation has been developed not only in irradiated volumes, variety, number of irradiators but also in economical sectors. As the increasing requirements for food irradiation in the north of Vietnam the irradiator at INST is being upgraded for sterilization of medical products and food processing. In the middle of the next year Binh Duong Irradiation Company will put into operation of the second Cobalt-60 irradiator. The table 3 shows the operation data of three irradiation facilities in the south of Vietnam (VINAGAMMA and Binh Duong Irradiation Company) during 2003-2005. Table 3: Operation data of VINAGAMMA and Son Son Company Operation time (hours)Processed quantity (tons)200320042005200320042005VINAGAMMA7,8287,9318,1484,8665,2305,716Son Son Ltd., Co.800*4,000*Upgrading800*9,000*UpgradingBinh Duong Ltd., Co.--4,000*--4,500** The estimated data The processed volume of foods in 2005 is decreased due to the stooping of EB facility of Son Son Ltd., Co for upgrading. At present, at Binh Duong Ltd., Co the second Cobalt-60 irradiator with 1 MCi is under constructed and will be put into operation at the end of 2006. Analysis of the main achievements In the period of 2003-2005, food irradiation in Vietnam has been developed very fast in the both terms of quality and quantity. The first EB-X ray facility for food irradiation has been installed and put into operation in the south of Vietnam. The advantages of the food irradiation have convinced private sectors to invest into this business. This EB-X ray facility is a brave investment of a private company namely Son Son. At this company the second EB head is being installed to increase the total EB power to 200 kW. The irradiator at INST is being upgraded to meet the increasing requirements of food irradiation in the north of Vietnam and will be put into operation at the end of this year. In order to create a good legal environment for food irradiation a lot of codes of food irradiation has been promulgated in the past two years. It is a very meaningful effort of VAEC and DSQV to promote the technology of food processing by using ionization radiation. It can be explained for the above-mentioned achievements by the following reasons: The application of ionization radiation for food processing has been developed since 1982 by continuous efforts of VAEC. In 1998, VAEC has invested and exploited a Cobalt-60 irradiator at VINAGAMMA. This is the first irradiator for food irradiation in Vietnam and it quickly became a good proving of advantages of food irradiation in technology and economical aspects. Supports of IAEA in equipment, training and expertise in food irradiation are very important for developing countries. Thank to the project VIE/8/010 (1995-1999) VINAGAMMA has installed a Cobalt-60 irradiator and three laboratories, which are used for QA-QC activities in food irradiation. The application of food irradiation in Vietnam seems to be timely with the country development, especially in seafood export. Conclusion In the period of 2003-2005 the fast and stable development of food irradiation in quantity and quality as well as in Vietnam has significantly contributed into the national economics. Going with the increase of irradiator number a lot of necessary codex also were promulgated, propaganda of food irradiation in the public has been more and more interested. Two authorities, namely VAEC and DSQV who play important roles in the development of food irradiation have closely cooperated to promote the application of the food irradiation technology in the country, especially in private sectors. It is necessary to further sustain and develop food irradiation for the development of the national economics.     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